Foreword - President Harry S. Truman
Preface - Wayne C. Grover, Bernard
L. Boutin
1. Statement by the President Upon Signing Order Carrying Out Provisions of the Resolution on Price Stabilization. January 3, 1948
2. Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union. January 7, 1948
3. Letter to the President
of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Concerning Appointment of
General Kuter as Chairman of the Civil
Aeronautics Board. January 8, 1948
4. The President's News Conference on the Budget. January 10, 1948
. . Statement by the President on the Budget
5. Annual Budget Message to the Congress, Fiscal Year 1949. January 12, 1948
6. Special Message to the Congress on the Folsom Dam. January 12, 1948
7. Statement by the President Upon Making Public the Report of the Air Policy Commission. January 13, 1948
8. Excerpts From Annual Message: The President's Economic Report to the Congress. January 14, 1948
9. The President's News Conference of January 15, 1948
10. Special Message to the Congress Transmitting Reorganization Plan 1 of 1948. January 19, 1948
11. The President's News Conference of January 22, 1948
12. Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Concerning the St. Lawrence Seaway. January 26, 1948
13. Letter to Marriner Eccles Asking Him To Remain With the Federal Reserve Board as Vice Chairman. January 27, 1948
14. Special Message to the Congress Urging Extension of Curbs on Grain Used in Production of Ethyl Alcohol. January 29, 1948
15. The President's News Conference of January 29, 1948
16. Letter to the Administrator, Federal Security Agency, on Raising the Level of the Nation's Health. January 30, 1948
17. Statement by the President on the Assassination of Mohandas K. Gandhi. January 30, 1948
18. Radio Remarks on the loth Anniversary of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis. January 30, 1948
19. Statement by the President Calling on Distillers To Observe Voluntary Grain Quotas. January 31, 1948
20. Special Message to the Congress on Civil Rights. February 2, 1948
21. The President's News Conference of February 5, 1948
22. Statement by the President on Cardiovascular Diseases. February 7, 1948
23. Special Message to the Congress Requesting Extension of Certain Wartime Controls. February 9, 1948
24. Special Message to the Congress on Highway Construction. February 9, 1948
25. Veto of Bill for the Disposal of Submarginal Lands Within Indian Reservations. February 10, 1948
26. The President's News Conference of February 12, 1948
. . Statement by the President on the Security Loan Savings Bond Drive
27. Statement by the President Upon Appointing
Members of the Interdepartmental Committee on Scientific Research and Development.
February 14,
1948
28. Special Message to the Congress Transmitting Second Report on Assistance to Greece and Turkey. February 16, 1948
29. Special Message to the Senate Transmitting the International Telecommunication Convention. February 17, 1948
30. Remarks at the Opening Session of the Women's Bureau Conference. February 17, 1948
31. Special Message to the Congress on the Need for Assistance to China. February 18, 1948
32. Address at the Jefferson-Jackson Day Dinner. February 19, 1948
33. Letter to the Chairmen of the Senate and House Armed Services Committees on Retirements for Physical Disability. February 20, 1948
34. Special Message to the Congress Transmitting Annual Report on U.S. Participation in the United Nations. February 20, 1948
35. Address Upon Arrival at the Airport in San Juan, Puerto Rico. February 21, 1948
36. Remarks in St. Thomas on a Visit to the Virgin Islands. February 22, 1948
37. Special Message to the Congress on Housing. February 23, 1948
38. Remarks at Government House, St. Croix, Virgin Islands. February 23, 1948
39. Statement by the President on Palestine. February 24, 1948
40. Radio Remarks Opening the Red Cross Fund Campaign. February 29, 1948
41. The President's News Conference at Key West. March 1, 1948
42. Special Message to the Congress Requesting Extension of the Reciprocal Trade Act. March 1, 1948
43. Letter to the President of the Senate
and to the Speaker of the House Requesting Legislation on Behalf of the
Civilian Member, Permanent
Joint Board
on Defense, U.S. - Canada. March 2, 1948
44. Special Message to the Congress Transmitting Annual Report of the Civil Service Commission. March 3, 1948
45. Letter to the Administrator, Federal Works Agency, on the Disaster Surplus Property Program. March 4, 1948
46. Special Message to the Congress on the Need for a Modern System for the Management of Government Property. March 5, 1948
47. Remarks at the First Meeting of the National Capital Sesquicentennial Commission. March 8, 1948
48. Letter to Lincoln MacVeagh on His Appointment as Ambassador to Portugal. March 9, 1948
49. The President's News Conference of March 11, 1948
50. Directive on the Need for Maintaining the Confidential Status of Employee Loyalty Records. March 15, 1948
51. Statement by the President on the Order Transferring Vessels to Italy. March 16, 1948
52. Special Message to the Congress on the Threat to the Freedom of Europe. March 17, 1948
53. St. Patrick's Day Address in New York City. March 17,1948
54. Statement by the President on the Signing of the Charter of the International Trade Organization. March 24, 1948
55. The President's News Conference of March 25, 1948
. . Statement by the President on Palestine
56. Letter to Secretary Krug Upon Signing Bill Relating to the Completion of the Provo River Reclamation Project. March 29, 1948
57. Letter to Secretary Krug Upon Signing Bill Authorizing Distribution of Capital Reserve Funds of the Klamath Indians. March 29, 1948
58. Statement by the President Upon Signing the Housing and Rent Act of 1948. March 30, 1948
59. Veto of Bill Authorizing Issuance of Stamps
Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the Coming of Swedish Pioneers to
the Midwest.
March 30,
1948
60. Letter to the Speaker Regarding Additional Appropriations for the National Security Program. April 1, 1948
61. Message to King Paul of Greece on the Occasion of the 127th Anniversary of Greek Independence. April 2, 1948
62. Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Concerning the Reorganization Act. April 2, 1948
63. Veto of the Income Tax Reduction Bill. April 2, 1948
64. Statement by the President Upon Signing the Foreign Assistance Act. April 3, 1948
65. Statement by the President on the Death of Maurice C. Latta. April 3, 1948
66. Letter to the Attorney General Directing Him To Petition for an Injunction in the Coal Strike. April 3, 1948
67. Veto of Bill To Exclude Vendors of Newspapers and Magazines From Social Security Coverage. April 5, 1948
68. Special Message to the Congress Urging
Approval of a Loan to the United Nations for the Construction of Its Permanent
Headquarters.
April 7, 1948
69. Special Message to the Congress on Economic Aid to Latin America. April 8, 1948
70. Special Message to the Senate Transmitting Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Conference. April 8, 1948
71. The President's News Conference of April 8, 1948
72. Statement by the President on the Labor Dispute in the Meatpacking Industry. April 9, 1948
73. Special Message to the Senate Transmitting Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation With Italy. April 14, 1948
74. Letter to the Italian Ambassador Regarding Trieste. April 14, 1948
75. Letter to the Speaker Transmitting Supplemental Estimate of Appropriations for the European Recovery Program. April 14, 1948
76. Radio Address Opening the Savings Bond Campaign. April 14, 1948
77. The President's News Conference of April 15, 1948
78. Statement by the President on the Death of President Manuel Roxas of the Philippines. April 15, 1948
79. Letter to the Chairman, U.S. Maritime Commission, on the Ship Construction Program. April 16, 1948
80. Address Before the American Society of Newspaper Editors. April 17, 1948
81. Address Before a Joint Session of the Congress in Observance of the 50th Anniversary of Cuban Independence. April 19, 1948
82. Message to the New President of the Philippines. April 19, 1948
83. Letter to Secretary Harriman Following His Nomination as U.S. Special Representative in Europe. April 22, 1948
84. The President's News Conference of April 22, 1948
85. Message to Prince Charles of Belgium Following His Visit to the United States. April 23, 1948
86. The President's Special Conference With Editors of Business and Trade Papers. April 23, 1948
87. Exchange of Messages With the Queen of the Netherlands. April 26, 1948
88. The President's News Conference of April 29, 1948
. . Statement by the President Urging Reappointment of the Chairman and Members of the Atomic Energy Commission
89. Remarks at the National Health Assembly Dinner. May 1, 1948
90. Veto of Bill Authorizing Coins Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the Territory of Minnesota. May 4, 1948
91. Message to the Congress Transmitting the First Report on the Foreign Aid Program. May 5, 1948
92. Remarks at the National Conference on Family Life. May 6, 1948
93. The President's News Conference of May 6, 1948
94. Letter Accepting Resignation of Clinton P. Anderson as Secretary of Agriculture. May 10, 1948
95. Statement by the President Upon Issuing Order Averting a Railroad Strike. May 10, 1948
96. Statement by the President Following an
Exchange of Views in Moscow Between the U.S. Ambassador and the Foreign
Minister.
May 11, 1948
97. The President's News Conference of May 13, 1948
98. Letter to the Speaker Transmitting Supplemental Appropriation Estimates for the National Military Establishment. May 13, 1948
99. Special Message to the Congress on Agriculture. May 14, 1948
100. Statement by the President Announcing Recognition of the State of Israel. May 14, 1948
101. Remarks at the Young Democrats Dinner. May 14, 1948
102. Veto of Bill To Require Character Investigations of Atomic Energy Commission Nominees. May 15, 1948
103. Letter to Secretary Forrestal on the Atomic Weapons Tests at Eniwetok. May 17, 1948
104. Remarks in Philadelphia in the Girard College Chapel. May 20, 1948
105. Special Message to the Congress on Alaska. May 21, 1948
106. Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Providing Funds for Military Aircraft. May 21, 1948
107. Special Message to the Congress on Social Security. May 24, 1948
108. Letter to the Speaker on Federal Aid to Education. May 26, 1948
109. Letter to the Chairman, Senate Appropriations
Committee, Urging Restoration of Funds for a TVA Steamplant at New Johnsonville,
Tennessee. May 26, 1948
110. The President's News Conference of May 27, 1948
111. Letter to the Federal Works Administrator on the Flood Disaster in the Pacific Northwest. June 1, 1948
112. Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Admitting Canadians to the Military and Naval Academies. June 1, 1948
113. Letter to the Federal Works Administrator in Response to a Report on Fire Prevention. June 3, 1948
114. Rear Platform Remarks in Ohio and Indiana. June 4, 1948
115. Address in Chicago Before the Swedish Pioneer Centennial Association. June 4, 1948
116. Informal Remarks in Nebraska. June 5, 1948
117. Address in Omaha at the Reunion of the 35th Division. June 5, 1948
118. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Nebraska and Wyoming. June 6, 1948
119. Rear Platform Remarks in Idaho. June 7, 1948
120. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Idaho and Montana. June 8, 1948
121. Address at the Stadium in Butte, Montana. June 8, 1948
122. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Washington. June 9, 1948
123. Statement by the President on the Death of Secretary Schwellenbach. June 10, 1948
124. Informal Remarks in Washington. June 10, 1948
125. Address in Seattle Before the Washington State Press Club. June 10, 1948
126. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Oregon. June 11, 1948
127. Veto of Bill To Exempt Certain Carriers in Interstate Commerce From the Antitrust Laws. June 12, 1948
128. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in California. June 12, 1948
129. Commencement Address at the University of California. June 12, 1948
130. Informal Remarks in San Francisco. June 13, 1948
131. Veto of Resolution Excluding Certain Groups From Social Security Coverage. June 14, 1948
132. Statement by the President Upon Signing Resolution Providing for U.S. Membership in the World Health Organization. June 14, 1948
133. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in California. June 14, 1948
134. Address Before the Greater Los Angeles Press Club. June 14, 1948
135. Veto of Bill Making Supplemental Appropriations for the Federal Security Agency. June 15, 1948
136. Rear Platform Remarks in Arizona and New Mexico. June 15, 1948
137. Rear Platform Remarks in Kansas. June 16, 1948
138. Rear Platform Remarks in Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. June 17, 1948
139. Rear Platform Remarks in Pennsylvania and Maryland. June 18, 1948
140. Special Message to the Congress on the Labor Dispute at Oak Ridge. June 18, 1948
141. Statement by the President Announcing an Agreement With the Provisional Government of Israel. June 22, 1948
142. Statement by the President Upon Signing the Displaced Persons Act. June 25, 1948
143. Statement by the President Upon Signing the Trade Agreements Extension Act. June 26, 1948
144. Statement by the President Upon Signing the Foreign Aid Appropriation Act. June 28, 1948
145. Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Providing Retirement Benefits for Members of the Armed Forces Reserves. June 29, 1948
146. Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Extending the Life of the Virgin Islands Company. June 30, 1948
147. Message to the Congress Transmitting Second Report on the U.S. Foreign Aid Program. June 30, 1948
148. Statement by the President Upon Signing the Government Corporation Appropriation Act. June 30, 1948
149. Statement by the President on the Interior Department Appropriation Act. June 30, 1948
150. The President's News Conference of July 1, 1948
. . . Statement by the President Upon Signing Housing Amendments to Servicemen's Readjustment Act
151. Letter to Secretary Sawyer on the Steel Requirements of the Armed Forces. July 1, 1948
152. Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill Relating to the Social Security Coverage of the Blind. July 2, 1948
153. Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill Relating to Pay Rates in the Veterans Administration. July 3, 1948
154. Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Relating to War Claims. July 3, 1948
155. Statement by the President Upon Signing the Agricultural Act. July 3, 1948
156. Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Extending the Terms of the Members of the Atomic Energy Commission. July 3, 1948
157. Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Raising the Pay Rates of Federal Employees. July 3, 1948
158. Address in Bolivar, Missouri, at the Dedication of the Simon Bolivar Memorial Statue. July 5, 1948
159. Remarks Commending Management and Labor Leaders on the Railroad Settlement. July 8, 1948
160. Address in Philadelphia Upon Accepting the Nomination of the Democratic National Convention. July 15, 1948
161. Statement by the President Upon the Death of General Pershing. July 15, 1948
162. Presentation of a Scroll to Brigadier General Benjamin O. Davis Upon His Retirement From the U.S. Army. July 20, 1948
163. The President's News Conference of July 22, 1948
164. Statement by the President Reviewing Two Years of Experience With the Atomic Energy Act. July 24, 1948
165. Message to the Special Session of the Both Congress. July 27, 1948
166. The President's News Conference of July 29, 1948
167. Special Message: The President's Midyear Economic Report to the Congress. July 30, 1948
168. Remarks in New York City at the Dedication of Idlewild International Airport. July 31, 1948
169. Letter to Robert Ramspeck Concerning National Employ the Physically Handicapped Week. August 4, 1948
170. The President's News Conference of August 5, 1948
. . . Statement by the President on the Record of the Special Session of Congress
171. Special Message to the Congress Reporting the Settlement of the Bituminous Coal Labor Dispute. August 5, 1948
172. Statement by the President Upon Approving the Housing Act. August 10, 1948
173. Statement by the President Upon Signing Resolution
Authorizing Loan for the Construction of United Nations Headquarters.
August
11, 1948
174. The President's News Conference of August 12, 1948
175. Statement by the President: The Midyear Review of the Budget. August 15, 1948
176. Statement by the President Upon Signing Resolution
"To Aid in Protecting the Nation's Economy Against Inflationary Pressures."
August 16,
1948
177. Statement by the President on the Improved Outlook for the Shipbuilding Industry. August 18, 1948
178. The President's News Conference of August 19, 1948
179. Letter to the Attorney General Directing Him To Petition for an Injunction in the Maritime Labor Dispute. August 20, 1948
180. Proclamation 2806: Death of Charles Evans Hughes. August 28, 1948
181. The President's News Conference of September 2, 1948
. . . Statement by the President Making Public Report: The Nation's Health - A Ten-Year Program
182. Statement by the President: Labor Day. September 4, 1948
183. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Michigan and Ohio. September 6, 1948
184. Labor Day Address in Cadillac Square, Detroit. September 6, 1948
185. The President's News Conference of September 9, 1948
186. Address Before the American Association for the Advancement of Science. September 13, 1948
187. Letter to the Associate General Counsel, National
Labor Relations Board, Concerning a Meeting in Senator Taft's Office.
September
14, 1948
188. Letter Accepting Resignation of Dwight Griswold as Chief, American Mission for Aid to Greece. September 15, 1948
189. Letter in Response to a Proclamation on Living Costs by Mayors of Hudson County, New Jersey, Municipalities. September 15, 1948
190. Statement by the President Making Public a Report on Moral Safeguards for Selective Service Trainees. September 16, 1948
191. Later in Response to a Telegram on the Problems of Scientists in Government Service. September 17, 1948
192. Letter to Premier de Gasperi on Italian Participation in the European Recovery Program. September 17, 1948
193. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Pennsylvania and Ohio. September 17, 1948
194. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri. September 18, 1948
195. Address at Dexter, Iowa, on the Occasion of the National Plowing Match. September 18, 1948
196. Letter to the Chairman, Humanitarian Award Dinner of the Variety Clubs International. September 18, 1948
197. Rear Platform Remarks in Kansas. September 19, 1948
198. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Colorado. September 20, 1948
199. Address at the State Capitol in Denver. September 20, 1948
200. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Colorado and Utah. September 21, 1948
201. Address at the Mormon Tabernacle in Salt Lake City. September 21, 1948
202. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Nevada and California. September 22, 1948
203. Address at Lakeside Park, Oakland, California. September 22, 1948
204. Rear Platform Remarks in California. September 23, 1948
205. Address at the Gilmore Stadium in Los Angeles. September 23, 1948
206. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in California and Arizona. September 24, 1948
207. Address at Phoenix, Arizona. September 24, 1948
208. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in New Mexico and Texas. September 25, 1948
209. Address at El Paso, Texas. September 25, 1948
210. Informal Remarks in San Antonio, Texas. September 26, 1948
211. Remarks Recorded for Broadcast on Democratic Women's Day. September 27, 1948
212. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Texas. September 27, 1948
213. Address at Bonham, Texas. September 27, 1948
214. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Texas and Oklahoma. September 28, 1948
215. Address in Oklahoma City. September 28, 1948
216. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Oklahoma and Missouri. September 29, 1948
217. Address at Skelly Stadium, Tulsa, Oklahoma. September 29, 1948
218. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky. September 30, 1948
219. Address at the University of Southern Illinois, Carbondale, Illinois. September 30, 1948
220. Address in Louisville, Kentucky. September 30, 1948
221. Radio Address Opening the Nationwide Community Chest Campaigns. September 30, 1948
222. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Kentucky and West Virginia. October 1, 1948
223. Address in Charleston, West Virginia. October 1, 1948
224. Telegram to the President of Israel. October 2, 1948
225. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Delaware, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. October 6, 1948
226. Address at Convention Hall in Philadelphia. October 6, 1948
227. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. October 7, 1948
228. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in New York. October 8, 1948
229. Address in Buffalo. October 8, 1948
230. Statement by the President Following General Marshall's Return From Paris. October 9, 1948
231. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Ohio. October 11, 1948
232. Address at the Armory, Akron, Ohio. October 11, 1948
233. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Indiana and Illinois. October 12, 1948
234. Address at the Armory, Springfield, Illinois. October 12, 1948
235. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Wisconsin and Minnesota. October 13, 1948
236. Address in St. Paul at the Municipal Auditorium. October 13, 1948
237. Rear Platform Remarks in Minnesota and Wisconsin. October 14, 1948
238. Address in Madison at the University of Wisconsin. October 14, 1948
239. Address in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. October 14, 1948
240. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Indiana. October 15, 1948
241. Address in Indianapolis at the Indiana World War Memorial. October 15, 1948
242. Rear Platform Remarks in West Virginia. October 16, 1948
243. The President's News Conference Aboard the Campaign Train. October 16, 1948
244. Address in Miami at the American Legion Convention. October 18, 1948
245. Address at the State Capitol, Raleigh, North Carolina. October 19, 1948
246. Address at the State Fairgrounds, Raleigh, North Carolina. October 19, 1948
247. Address on Radio Program Sponsored by the International Ladies Garment Workers Union Campaign Committee. October 21, 1948
248. Address in Scranton, Pennsylvania. October 23, 1948
249. Address in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. October 23, 1948
250. Rear Platform Remarks in Pennsylvania. October 23, 1948
251. Address in Johnstown, Pennsylvania. October 23, 1948
252. Address in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. October 23, 1948
253. Statement by the President on Israel. October 24, 1948
254. Rear Platform Remarks in Indiana. October 25, 1948
255. Address in the Memorial Auditorium, Gary, Indiana. October 25, 1948
256. Address in the Chicago Stadium. October 25, 1948
257. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Indiana and Ohio. October 26, 1948
258. Address in the Cleveland Municipal Auditorium. October 26, 1948
259. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Massachusetts and Connecticut. October 27, 1948
260. Address at Mechanics Hall in Boston. October 27, 1948
261. Rear Platform and Other Informal Remarks in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York. October 28, 1948
262. Address in Madison Square Garden, New York City. October 28, 1948
263. Statement by the President on the National Holiday of Turkey. October 29, 1948
264. Informal Remarks in New York. October 29, 1948
265. Address in Harlem, New York, Upon Receiving the Franklin Roosevelt Award. October 29, 1948
266. Address at the Brooklyn Academy of Music, New York City. October 29, 1948
267. Rear Platform Remarks in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri. October 30, 1948
268. Address at the Kiel Auditorium, St. Louis, Missouri. October 30, 1948
269. Radio Remarks in Independence on Election Eve. November 1, 1948
270. Remarks at the Victory Celebration in Independence. November 3, 1948
271. Remarks in Missouri, Indiana, and Ohio While En Route to Washington. November 4, 1948
272. Remarks Upon Arrival at the White House. November 5, 1948
273. Telegrams on the Occasion of the Retirement of Prime Minister Mackenzie King. November 15, 1948
274. The President's News Conference at Key West, Florida. November 16, 1948
. . . Letter to President Hoover on the Work of the Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch
275. Statement by the President in Response to Messages of Congratulation and Good Will. November 23, 1948
276. Address Before the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. November 24, 1948
277. Letter in Response to a Resolution on Lobbying Adopted by the International Association of Machinists. November 30, 1948
278. The President's News Conference of December 2, 1948
279. Statement by the President on Highway Safety. December 3, 1948
280. Letter to Alfred P. Sloan, Jr., Concerning Cooperation by the Broadcasting Industry in the Highway Safety Program. December 3, 1948
281. White House Statement Concerning U.S. Assistance to Palestine Refugees. December 7, 1948
282. Remarks of Welcome at the Washington National Airport to President Prio of Cuba. December 8, 1948
283. The President's News Conference of December 9, 1948
284. Statement by the President Upon Designating
John R. Steelman Acting Chairman of the National Security Resources Board.
December
10, 1948
285. The President's News Conference of December 16, 1948
286. Citation Accompanying Medal for Merit Awarded to Myron C. Taylor. December 20, 1948
287. Radio Remarks on the Occasion of the Lighting of the Community Christmas Tree on the White House Grounds. December 24, 1948
288. The President's News Conference of December
30, 1948